Design

The new Patra - Pyrgos - Tsakona (PAPYTSA) Motorway follows, in general terms, the same route as the existing road. It travels south from Pyrgos to Kalo Nero and then turns east through the valley bounded by Mt. Tetrazio to the north and the Kyparissia mountains to the south, until it intersects the Tripolis – Kalamata Motorway at Tsakona, where the Olympian Highway ends. The main studies of this project were:
- Hydrology - Discharge determination of watersheds at several Geographical Units of Patra Pyrgos highway

Xerias river basin has an area of 174 km² and extends from the town of Korinthos (North) to the Southern districts of the Korinthos Prefecture, at the frontier with Argolida. Xerias river flow is seasonal with intense fluctuations. The January 1997 storms caused serious disasters.
The works included:
- Open and closed parts combination with composite concrete/steel sections, 1330m long.

This project is part of the reallocation plan for the plain. Therefore the existing irrigation system is fully redesigned, taking into account the optimal utilisation of the available water resources.
The works included:
- The designed network covers an area of 160.000.000 m².
- It is consisted of 9 irrigation zones, which are irrigated by pumping stations. Kerkini lake is the main supply reservoir providing water to all the irrigation zones through the main delivery canal.
- Downstream Control is used.

Design revision was necessary due to the network’s extension. The works included:
- The total network (old and new) consists of 2683 nodes and 3273 links.
- The range of selected diameters is varied between 60mm to 600mm of 120 Km total length.
- The design needs of the client required the provision and specification of measuring and control devices, water leakage detection and SCADA automated network control.

The purpose of the studies was the rehabilitation and extension of existing water supply, stormwater and wastewater networks, as well as the construction of new flood protection and training works, as a part of the highway works.
The designed works cover a big area of Athens, along the Attiki Odos Highway.

 - The computational magnitude of the network is major and includes:
    o The lower zone with 11161 links and 7502 nodes
    o Middle zone Μ1 with 2250 links and 1479 nodes
    o Middle zone Μ2 with 102 links and 69 nodes
    o Hgher zone with 235 links and 153 nodes
 - Both uniform and separated zone distribution network calculations were made
 - The project includes a circumferential distribution water mains for the regulation of the tanks’ supply and the ability for two-way water flow.

The revision concerns the pipe material, slight alteration of the pressure zones and details regarding the operational structure of the network, in order to facilitate water leak detection efforts.
The design specification require the implementation of proper measuring gauges and control devices, intended for the central SCADA automated network management and the facilitation of leakage detection.
The works include:
 - The model size is 10400 nodes and 15675 links, with a total length of 745km

The Gadouras Dam Reservoir supplies the water treatment works. The treatment works are part of the overall water supply scheme of Rhodes from Gadouras.
The works included:
- The plant consists of inlet works, polyelectrolyte and alum dosing and storage facilities, sludge blanket clarifiers, rapid gravity filters, disinfection units and potable water storage tanks.
- The maximum design flow is 60.000 m³/day for the first phase and 120.000 m³/day for the final phase.

The project consists of the following individual works:
- The main embankment dam
- The spillway (collector, spillway canal, flip bucket, plunge pool)
- The diversion works which are combined with the intake and reservoir evacuation works.
Specifically:
- The dam is 48 m heigh with an impermeable core. The embankment cross section is trapezoid with a 2:1 (v:h) slope inclination and upstream-downstream berm provision.
- The diversion works are formed prior to the main fill construction. The 4mx4m rectangular culvert is 377 m long.

The Schinas dam will be regulated along with the Vroutsas dam. The total project is part of the general water resources management project for the island of Karpathos, and also operates as a flood protection scheme.
The works include:
- The Schinas dam is of rockfill type with a clay impervious core .
- Height 31m. Crest length 242m. Crest width 8m.
- Embankment volume 420.000m³
- Total reservoir net volume 1.100.000m³.
- Maximum reservoir water surface 141.000m².